The potentiation effect of Bawang Dayak (Sisyrinchium palmifolium L.) extract on T47D cell growth inhibition after 5-fluorouracil treatment

Azizah, Yuniarti and Elza, Sundhani and Nunuk, Aries Nurulita (2018) The potentiation effect of Bawang Dayak (Sisyrinchium palmifolium L.) extract on T47D cell growth inhibition after 5-fluorouracil treatment. PEER REVIEW.

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Abstract

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is chemotherapeutic agents used in breast cancer treatment. However 5- FU has low effectiveness as chemotherapeutic agent after longterm used. 5-FU usually combined with other compounds to increase its effectivity. Bawang Dayak has been widely used empirically as a cancer treatment, especially breast cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity of 5- FU as cytotoxic agent against T47D breast cancer cells and their combination with extract of Bawang Dayak (EBD), to determine apoptotic induction mechanism, and the inhibitory effect of T47D breast cancer cell cycle. The cytotoxicity properties were determined using the MTT method with the concetration series of 5-FU (0-600 μg/mL) and EBD (0-250 μg/mL). The combination between 5-FU (2-250 μg/mL and EBD (5-50 μg/mL) was used for combination treatment on T47D cells. The apoptotic cells after treatment were determined by propidium iodide/annexin V reagent using flowcytometry. The modulation effect of combination treatment between 5-FU and EBD was performed by determination of DNA content using flowcytometry. The treatment of 5-FU and EBD inhibited T47D cell growth with IC50 value 274 μg/mL and 75 μg/mL, respectively. The combination therapy of 5-FU and EBD resulted a mild to strong synergistic effect, with combination index (CI) 0.829 and 0.779. The combined treatment (125μg/mL 5-FU and 25μg/mL EBD) induced apoptosis in T47D cells by 21.33%. This combination caused 57.11% cell accumulation in G0-G1 phase, that greater than control grup (41.20%). The combination treatment (5-FU and EBD) cause cell distubance and damage that lead to G0-G1 phase cell cycle arrest. The cell cycle can not proceed to the next phase. EBD produce synergistic effect when used as breast cancer co-chemotherapy with 5-FU. It was particularly able to induce apoptosis against T47D cells followed by G0-G1 phase accumulation. The extract of Bawang Dayak has a high potential to be developed as co-chemotherapy in breast cancer.

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